Boiler



July 9, 1935. J. R. WADE 2,007,230

BOILER Filed Aug. a, 1935 2 sheets-Sheet 1 @wif im J. R.4 WADE July 9,1935.

BOILER Filed Allg 8, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ji/ INVENTOR JHN ,Pass WDE BATT RNEYS.

Patented July 9, 1935 UNITEDTSTATES vPMENT OFFICE Y l Y John Ross Wade,San Francisco, Calif.

Application August 8, 1933, Serial No. 684,254

4 Claims.

' `llfiepresent inventionrelates to improvements vin boilersy and itsprincipal object is to vprovide a` boiler for generating steam of highor low pressure,` or for'hotwater heating systems, that :555 'isfcomparativelysimple in construction, easy to i -in'g'water circulatingtherethrough.

f vA further objlectfof the invention is to provide nchests for waterand steam at opposite vends of the tubesfor causing circulation of thewater or steam through the tubes and to provide structural featuresallowing of easy assembling and dis- 'a'ss'embling, and of ready accessto the tubes for cleaning and repair purposes.

further object of the'invention is to provide Ipartitions in the chestsfor causing the water and rstearato circulate, thehpartitions beingarranged such a manner as to provide direct communiication withV thebottom ofthe chests `formed by the partitionsf f l l Further objects andadvantages of my invention will appear as'the Vspecification proceeds;

The preferred form of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying-drawings, in which VFigure l shows' a front view of theboiler; Figure 2 avvert'ical section taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1and f Figure 3 va transverse vertical section taken along line 3 3 ofFigure 2.

While I have shown only `the preferred form of the invention," I wish tohave it understood that various changes or modifications may be madewithin thescopeof the claims hereto attached without departing from thespirit of the invention. In its preferred'form the boiler comprises twospaced plates I and 2 interconnected by a3 plurality of tiers rof tubes3 openat the ends. The tubes of one tier are arrangedinA staggeredrelation to those of the` adjacent tiersas shown in Figure 3, and the'tubes'ofeach tier are spaced from one another," the spacing betweenthetubes of each tier' beingarranged in such a manner that the 'over-allspace available for the circulation of `products of Y combustion betweenthe tubes gradually `decreases from the bottom toward the top so as tosubstantially correspond to the decreasing volume of the products ofcombustiondue to heat'losses. This gradual decrease in the total steamleaves through the outlet 2|.

available space for the circulation of the products may be brought aboutin diiferent ways, as for instanceV by decreasing thejspacing betweenthetiers from the bottom toward the top, or by decreasing the space betweenthe individual tubes of each tier from bottom to top, by slightlyincreasing the diameter of the tube from bottom to top, by the use ofsmaller tubes such as indicated at 4 which may be increased in diameterfrom bottom to top, or by tapering theA surrounding housing @orcombustion chamber.

The two plates I and 2 are supported on four legs 5 and front and rearplates 6 and 1 are secured tothe legs to form extensions of the plates Iand 2 and reaching to the ilooror other supporting surface for theboiler, The front 'plate 6 is .provided with a removable door 8 throughwhichv the burner 9 with its Venturi tube IIJ may be inserted, theburner restingron an angle iron n from the plate I or 2 respectively'bymeans of a wall I'I and held to the plate I or 2 by means of stud boltsI8. Within `each of the twochests I vprovide a number of partitions I9toI direct the ow of the water back and forth through the tubes in thedirection of the arrows shown in Figure 2.

Water is introduced into one of the lowermost chest sections through theintake pipe 2E, and

'Ihe partitions IS asrindicated in Figure 1 do not all completelyseparate one chestsection 'from the other, but the lowermost partitionI9 is made to provide a restricted communication between the first chestsection 22 and the second chest section 23 as indicated at 24, while thesecond partition I 9 also provides arestricted communication 25 betweenthe third chest section 26 and the `lowermost chest section 22. Thisdirect communication between the rstsection of the chest and the secondsection, and between the third sectionv of the chest and the firstsection serves the purpose of allowing water from the second andthird'sections to separate from steam formed in those sections and toreturn to the rst section while the steam advances in regularcirculation through the tube.

, The two plates I and 2k are interconnected by a shell 21 whichsurrounds all the tubes and the burner, and thus forms with the plates aclosed combustion chamber through which all the products of combustionhave to rise in heat exchange relation with the tubes to be finallydischarged through the stack 28` The shell 21 presents straight verticalside walls 29, the upper ends of which taper inwardly as shown at 3B andare connected by a horizontal top 3l. The taper 3U of the shell may beused for decreasing the overall space available for the passing of theproducts of combustion in the manner previously described. Toward thebotto-m the vertical walls 29 of the shell taper inwardly as at 32 toextend within close proximity of the burner indicated at 9. The wallsare preferably lined with refractory material indicated at 33. f

The nrst shell 21 is surrounded by a second shell 34 fastened to theedges of the plates l and 2 and spaced from the rst shell so as to forma conduit 35 therewith on each side of the boiler. The conduit isdivided into two sections by a partition 3S extending substantiallymidway through the conduit froma point 35 a slight distance from thecenter line of the boiler through the inclined section of the conduit toa point 31 at the upper end of the Vertical portion of the conduit. Atthis point the partition has hingedtheretoa swingable partition 38 whichextends substantially to the bottom of the conduit, paralleling in oneposition the inner shell 21. This swingable partition, however, may beadjusted by means of a handle 39 pivoted to the swingable partition asat 40, and adapted to be secured in adjusted position by means of a bolt4l passing through a slot 42 of the handle and adapted to be tightenedby means of a wing nut 43. A flexible sheet of asbestos cloth 43 isattached to the inner surface of wall 34 and to the outer surface ofwall 38 to prevent 'pair from passing around the bottom of the wall 38.Air may be admitted into the conduit through a series of holes 44 in theouter shell 34 and an elongated aperture 45 in a small auxiliary housing46 paralleling the lower portion of the boiler. It will be noted fromthe arrows in Figure 3 that air enters from the outside through theelongated aperture 45, then passes through the openings 44 in theoutershell into the outer section ofthe condiut through which it passesupwardly in heat exchange relation with the partition 38 and 36,'whereupon it turns around the upper edge of the partition and descendsdownwardly through the inner section of the conduit until it is finallydischarged toward the source of heat. The ilexible sheets 43 cause theair to take this path. It will be understood that the shell 21 naturallywill be hotter than the partitions 38 and 36, so that the air, whilerising through the outer chamber, will absorb some heat from thepartitions 38 and 36, and on return through the inner section of theconduit will absorb further heat units from the heated wall of the innershell. During this process the air gradually heats toa desiredtemperature while passing through the conduit, and the heated airexpands in volume the closer it comes to the source of heat. It isdesirable to arrange the cross-sectional area of the conduit so that itincreases from one end to the other to correspond substantially to theincrease in the volume of the air due to absorption of heat units and toaccomplish the object I provide the adjustable partition. When thepartition 38 is swung to the left as seen in Figure 3 and fastened insuch position, the entrance to the outer section of the conduit isVnarrow and the cross-section increases gradually toward the point 31.The cross-section will remain substantially the same in that portion ofthe conduit above the point 31 but going down from this point thecross-section will again gradually increase until the air is finallydischarged at the source of heat so that as a whole the two sections ofthe conduit provide a gradual increase in cross-section from one end tothe other and corresponding substantially to the increase in volume ofthe air.

The advantages of the outlined construction will be readily understood.The air is pre-heated before reaching the source of heat and the ow of'the air is regulated to be substantially uniform by means of theswingable partition 38. On the other hand thespacing between thecirculation tubes is decreased from bottom to top to correspond to thedecrease in volume of the products of combustion due to loss of heatunits so that in the entire system the fluid passages are substantiallyadjusted to correspond to the requirements of the fluid for insuring al'uniform flow through the entire boiler from the outside atmosphere tothe stack through which the products of combuston are eventuallydischarged. This results in a low stack temperature.

The water circulation through the tubes and the chests is arranged toproceed rapidly which causes a quick heating of the water and reducesscale formation. Any scale that is formed will End its way into thechests from which it may be easily removed. A certain amount of watercan enter directly from one of the sections of the chest into the otherthrough the respective passages 24 and 25, whereby certain diierences intemperature may be equalized.

The plates may be easily removed and with these plates removed easyaccess may be had to the tubes for cleaning purposes.

A suitable water gauge not shown may be supported between the pipes 41and 48, a. steam gauge may be attached to the pipe 49, a. blow-off pipemay be provided at 50, and if the steam, after having been used is to bereturned to the boiler in the form of condensed Water, it may bereintroduced through the feed pipe 5l A safety valve 52 connects withthe top of the back chest.

I claim:

1. In a boiler, two plates, a plurality of tubes connecting the same andsupporting them in` spaced and parallel relation, al shell connectingthe plates so as to form a combustion chamber therewith, a source ofheat in the combustion chamber below the tubes, a stack for the chamber,header plates on opposite sides of each of the First plates, a wallspacing each header plate from its companion plate so as to form a chestat opposite ends of the combustion chamber, means for admitting waterinto one of the chests and partitions in the steam chests arranged toprovide a vertical series of chest sections at each end and to causewater to circulate in a tortuous passage'through the tubes, thepartitions being arranged to provide for restricted direct communicationbetween upper and lower chest sections.

2. In a boiler, a combuston chamber, a plurality of tubes arranged invertically spaced tiers, a sourcel of heat below the tiers, and chestsat opposite ends of the tubes and having vertically spaced horizontalpartitions for forming a vertical series of chest sections at each endarranged to guide Water through the tiers of tubes in a circuitous path,some of the partitions having foreshortened edges to afford restrictedcommunication between different sections of the same chest.

3. Ina boiler, a combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes arranged invertically spaced tiers, a source of heat below the tiers, and chests atopposite ends of rthe tubes and having vertically spaced horizontalpartitions for forming a vertical series of chest sections at each endarranged to guide water through the tiers of tubes in a circuitous path,Asome of the partitions having foreshortened edges, and anges dependingfrom the edges for affording restricted communication between differentsections of the same chest.

4. In a boiler, a combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes arranged invertically spaced tiers,

a source of heat below the tiers, and chests at opposite ends of thetubes and having vertically spaced horizontal partitions for forming avertical series of chest sections at each end arranged to guide Waterthrough the tiers of tubes in a circuitous path, some of the partitionshaving foreshortened edges, kand flanges depending from the edges foraffording restricted communication between diferent sections kof thesame chest, the flanges of partitions overlying the lowermost'partitionbeing dimensioned to lead directly past intermediate chest sectionstothe lowermost section.

JOHN ROSS WADE.

